What is the purpose of Acid-Citrate-Dextrose (ACD) in blood collection?

The purpose of Acid-Citrate-Dextrose (ACD) in blood collection is primarily to maintain red blood cell viability. ACD is an anticoagulant that works by binding calcium ions in the blood, which prevents blood from clotting. This helps preserve the functionality and lifespan of red blood cells during storage. The dextrose component serves as a source of energy for the red blood cells, further contributing to their viability during the collection and storage period.

In blood collections where ACD is used, it is essential for maintaining the integrity of various assays and tests that may be performed later, further underscoring its role in preserving not just red blood cells but also overall sample quality.