What is collected through the procedure known as amniocentesis?

Amniocentesis is a medical procedure used primarily during pregnancy to obtain a sample of amniotic fluid, which is the fluid surrounding the developing fetus in the uterus. This procedure involves inserting a thin needle through the abdominal wall and into the amniotic sac, guided by ultrasound imaging to ensure safety and accuracy.

The amniotic fluid contains fetal cells and various biomarkers that can be analyzed for genetic, chromosomal, and certain congenital conditions. By examining these cells, healthcare providers can diagnose conditions such as Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and spina bifida, among others. This valuable diagnostic information helps in managing the pregnancy and preparing for necessary interventions if needed.

In contrast, blood is typically collected through venipuncture, urine is collected for various tests without needing invasive procedures like amniocentesis, and muscle tissue is obtained through biopsies, which are unrelated to the amniotic sac and its fluid. Therefore, amniocentesis is specifically known for collecting amniotic fluid, making it the correct and relevant choice in this question.