What does NMS specifically screen for?

The correct choice centers on the screening focus of the Newborn Metabolic Screening (NMS) program. NMS specifically aims to identify treatable metabolic disorders and genetic abnormalities in newborns. These conditions, if detected early, can often be managed effectively to prevent serious health complications or developmental issues later in life. The screening evaluates the levels of various substances in the blood, which can signal the presence of certain metabolic disorders such as phenylketonuria (PKU) or congenital hypothyroidism.

In contrast to the other options, NMS is not designed to screen for minor health issues like common ailments, nor is it primarily focused on infections or chronic diseases that typically develop later in life. Instead, its purpose is targeted and specialized, reflecting the critical need for early detection of metabolic disturbances that, if left untreated, could lead to severe health consequences for the infant.